Age Is The Single Most Important Factor That Affects Fertility

The Single Most Important Factor That Affects Fertility.


Age is something you can't change but I encourage you to have children earlier in life.
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Age

Why age matters for men and women who want to have a family.

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A woman’s age is the most important factor affecting her fertility and her chance of having a baby.

The chance of having a child is much higher for women younger than 35 years and men younger than 40 years than for older women and men.

It's a biological fact that as women and men age, their potential to have children decreases, although the exact time when this starts to happen can differ among individuals.

It's possible that we all know someone who had a healthy baby in their late 30s or early 40s. But of all people who try for a baby at a later age, many will find it difficult to  have the baby they hoped to have.

Across a population, women younger than 35 and men younger than 40 have a better chance of having a child than people who are older.
 This is true for natural pregnancies and for pregnancies conceived through assisted reproductive treatments such as IVF (in-vitro fertilisation).



It's A myth to think that IVF is a good back-up option for having a baby later in life.



But it's a fact that Getting  pregnant both naturally and with IVF becomes more difficult with age.

This is Because age affects eggs and sperm
Younger women have more and healthier eggs than older women and younger  men have more active and better-quality sperm than older men.

Age and eggs
A woman is born with all the eggs she will ever have. As she ages her eggs age with her and their number and quality reduces over time.  This is why her chance of having a baby also reduces over time . This is worst for women older than 35 years of age.


Age and sperm
Men younger than 40 have a better chance of fathering a child than those older than 40. The quality of the sperm men produce seems to decline as they get older in life.

Most men make millions of new sperm every day, but men older than 40 have fewer healthy sperm than younger men. The amount of semen (the fluid that contains sperm) and sperm motility (ability to move towards an egg) decrease continually between the ages of 20yrs and 80yrs.

Women’s age and getting pregnant.

For individuals and couples there can be many reasons why life gets in the way of starting a family. Not having a partner, career, finances, housing, travel, not feeling ready, whatever the reason, many find that it’s just not the right time to have a baby.

Sometimes  people find themselves trying to get pregnant later in life, when it can be a lot more difficult.

For women, the easiest time to get pregnant is before the age of 30. As women get older, it takes longer to conceive and  the chance of having a baby decreases.

Women younger than 30 have about a 20 percent chance of getting pregnant naturally each month. By age 40, the chance of pregnancy is about five percent each month.



Men’s age matters too
We’ve all heard about men in their 80s and 90s fathering children, but this is rare. A father’s age also affects the chance of a couple getting pregnant. It takes longer for partners of men older than 40 years to conceive.

Women, age and fertility
Assuming a woman is younger than 25; if her partner is also younger than 25, it takes an average of five months to get pregnant. If her partner is older than 40 years, it takes around two years, and even longer if he is older than 45.

Also, the risk of miscarriage is higher for women whose male partner is older than 45 , compared to men younger than 25 years of age.

For couples having IVF, the chance of having a baby is higher if the man is younger than 41 years of age.



Pregnancy and birth risks

Because of the changes that happen in eggs and sperm as we age, including damage to genetic material, children of older parents have a slightly higher risk of birth defects and genetic abnormalities. The risk of mental health problems and autism spectrum disorder is marginally higher in children of fathers older than 40 than in those with younger fathers.

It is estimated that the risk of having a baby with a chromosomal (or genetic) abnormality is approximately one in 400 for a woman aged 30 and one in 100 for a woman aged 40.

The risks of miscarriage and complications in pregnancy and childbirth are higher for older women than for younger women.

Older women also have a higher  risk of having gestational diabetes, placenta previa, placental abruption, a still birth and a caesarean birth than younger women.

It’s important to remember that although the risk of health problems increases with age, most babies are born healthy, whatever their parents’ age.


Important conversations
If you want to have a baby (now or sometime in the future), understanding how age affects your chances of getting pregnant and having a healthy baby is really important. Talking to your local doctor (GP) or visiting a family planning clinic about your plans for having children may help you understand how you can protect your chances of having a baby.

If you are in a relationship, having a conversation early about if and when you’d like to have children can help you and your partner understand each other’s thoughts about having a family.


Improving your chances

The good news is there are ways to increase your chance of having a baby, whether you’re single, in a relationship, male or female.

What can you do now?
Sometimes getting pregnant is difficult
No matter how healthy you are, or what age you are, sometimes it is difficult to get pregnant.

If you have tried for 12 months or more (six months if you’re a woman older than 35), it’s time to talk to your doctor about your options. The best place to start is to see your general practitioner (GP). You might like to complete the Healthy conception tool, and take your results, and your partner’s results (if you have a partner), with you to discuss with your doctor.


It's a myth to think that  Womencan have children at any age because many women have babies in their 40s.

It's a fact that Age is the most important factor affecting a woman’s chance of conceiving and having a healthy child. Many women in their late thirties and early to mid-forties give birth to healthy babies, but many in these age groups are not able to have a baby.

What about IVF?
Some people may think that assisted reproductive treatment such as IVF is the answer to postponing pregnancy to a later age.

IVF can help people with infertility have a family but the technology cannot make up for the natural decline in fertility that happens as women and men get older.
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